1. Drying and firing shrinkage
2. Plasticity
3. Combination of performance
4. Particle composition
5. Sintering properties
6. Refractoriness
2. Melted liquid of different needs of different glass crucible

Different components of the glass melting should choose a different crucible
Crucible furnace crucible is placed in the kiln, in the crucible with the material will be melted into a glass thermal equipment. Kiln chamber placed alone or only crucible, open maternal stores. Crucible furnace (Figure 1) in all stages of the glass melting (melting, clarification, homogenization, cooling) in the same crucible with

Over time, in turn, molding, by artificial material from the crucible mouth to take, you can also feed crucible bottom, or take the whole pot out of the material. Crucible crucible furnace more than Kiln and Furnace, relatively simple, low cost, short construction periods, you can quickly put into production, but also conducive to Rapid Product

Transformation. From the operating point of view, the melting system and easy to adjust, but also by mechanical stirring, holding time, production of good uniformity, high-quality glass,. Crucible furnace has its own shortcomings, the output of small, low thermal efficiency, low utilization rate of the glass, when the labor intensity for crucible

Larger, the crucible itself is also more complicated preparation. It is suitable for production of a small number, variety, product quality requirements higher or have some special properties of glass; same also applies to conduct scientific research or trial new products. Materials and processing due to a low degree of mechanization, it

Crucible melting furnace glass high energy consumption, and clarify the temperature of melting refractory material and therefore can not be too high. In this paper, crucible furnace, for example, in its energy-saving and comprehensive utilization of some research carried out.

From the perspective of the factory, saving raw materials, improve furnace performance and make full use of energy is very important, not only cost savings, improved economic efficiency, but also bring convenience for the production.
1, raising the level of the kiln and the quality of materials
Kiln refractory furnace level and quality of life and quality of the product has a crucial role, so the choice in the selection of refractories must be carefully considered, with the use between the different refractories also be reasonable.
In the crucible of the most important method of building material is kiln furnace plate, crucible on top, burner installed around it, but also emissions, which is why factory furnace plate, on the crater all adopts AZS brick. The method of building materials, contribute to a higher flame temperature increase and exhaust gas temperature

System is established, and resistant to overflow the glassy slag. Crown tie with refractories, refractory clay walls with high-quality, flue and regenerator checker can also be used with high lead materials, refractory clay, kiln materials must be just right to choose.
2, to improve their quality of crucible
Crucible kiln is the most important crucibles, crucible of the use period is generally four to 12 weeks, up to 20 weeks abroad, according to glass liquid level can be determined defective use of crucibles. Crucible must be able to withstand rapid cooling and heating, high refractoriness under load and low creep tendency

, Anti-corrosive molten glass must also be very good, and better melting characteristics, some of these conditions are contradictory, and therefore can only be as the case may cost as much as possible to meet the requirements of the different components of the glass melting should choose a different crucible.
Therefore, improving the quality of the crucible itself is necessary, first of all need to improve the quality of raw materials, molding in the crucible after the firing and heat treatment process, oxidation of the atmosphere must be strictly maintained to avoid the reduction of fire, firing time and temperature must be strictly control Crucible

Porosity lower than 20%, after firing crucible to be careful handling and into the crucible furnace, the molten glass before the best of the crucible for glass processing, in order to protect the glass withstand drastic temperature changes, and the compact structure of the crucible and separated from the furnace atmosphere. Crucible in the use of the process,

To strictly implement the operation system and method of operation.
3, change the furnace structure
  For a long time, people have created various forms of furnaces, and only seriously consider the comprehensive features of the various kiln to make choices, the most important criteria for the type of fuel used, the range of products and glass quality requirements. If horizontal furnace heated over a small flame crucible (similar

In crab-shaped kiln) will change to regenerative heat, thermal efficiency greatly improved; used with a heat recovery device to replace the single crucible furnace heat exchanger generally single crucible kiln, etc..
4, enhanced combustion, and waste heat utilization
  Because the crucible furnace is generally used cross-mouth crucible, from the impact of the atmosphere, so fuel should be completely burned in the furnace, or incomplete combustion will increase heat loss. However, incomplete combustion, flue gas should be considered taking the heat loss, so it should be appropriate excess air control

Coefficient, reasonable organization combustion, not only to ensure the effectiveness of heat transfer fluid to the glass, and pressure on the stability of the kiln and the flame temperature are favorable. Strengthen the flue gas waste heat recovery, also can increase the thermal efficiency of the kiln, but the waste heat recovery is limited.
  As the crucible kiln frequently changed crucible, kiln walls have followed the demolition, so the kiln body heat as furnaces which are more logical, that in accordance with the conditions, according to local conditions to solve not only improve the kiln thermal efficiency, on the operating conditions of the improvement is beneficial, kiln When to seek gas body lining

Dense, reduce unnecessary openings, corresponding to reduce unnecessary heat loss.
5, using fused technology
  Glass electric pool heater is much higher than the thermal efficiency of the flame furnace, crucible as a whole, if the inserted electrode, only the top insert mode, but it greatly influences the charging and discharging, it is not feasible in the craft.
  But we can change our thinking, the whole crucible into the refractory bricks of the crucible, and set the definite purpose of electrode to melt, through our pilot experiments and found that to good effect in more detail below, we described.
This kind of kiln furnace with crucible practices, use of fused zirconia corundum brick building into a hexagonal (or octagonal, square, etc.) the shape of melt pool, and pool kiln is different is that there is no flow of fluid in the hole and furnace increase in channel structure, charging and discharging are carried out in the melt pool, the operator

Arts and opening the same crucible.
The heat derived from tin oxide (or molybdenum electrodes), placed above the melting tank for temperature regulation carbide heating. The furnace has the following characteristics:
1, built of brick made from fused crucible, Its size can be adjusted;
2, fused brick building of the wall, crucible of life greatly improved;
3, using the internal electrode melting, thermal efficiency is improved;
4, no gas, less volatile;
5, covers an area of less, there is no combustion systems;